Roles · Data Analyst · Lead

What a Lead } should know

33 core skills, 48 in total. Expectations per skill, and what changes at the next level.

This page lists what a Lead } is expected to know and do, skill by skill. Core skills are the ones a manager and peers assess in a review cycle; the rest count only in self-assessment. Main areas: Programming Fundamentals, Backend Development, Database Management.

33core skills
15additional skills
9skill areas
100%at Advanced or Expert
Assess myself as Lead Full role matrix

Core skills for a Lead

Grouped by area. The label on the right is the expected depth: Awareness, Working, Advanced or Expert.

Programming Fundamentals · 3

Defines algorithmic standards for analytics team: query optimization practices, statistical algorithm selection criteria, data processing efficiency benchmarks. Conducts reviews of algorithmic approaches in complex analytical reports.

Defines code quality standards for analytics team: SQL style guide enforcement, notebook documentation requirements, reproducibility standards. Conducts reviews of analytical methodology and data pipeline design. Establishes quality gates for production report code.

Defines data structure standards for analytics team: analytical data model conventions, notebook data handling patterns, data quality validation structures. Conducts reviews of analytical methodology and data pipeline design. Establishes team guidelines for reproducible data analysis.

Backend Development · 3

Defines Elasticsearch/OpenSearch standards for analytical teams: index design conventions, query performance benchmarks, and data ingestion pipeline governance. Drives adoption of search-powered analytics and log-based data exploration.

Defines architecture for data exploration platforms and metric APIs using Flask and Streamlit. Establishes standards for query endpoint design, pagination, and data export formats. Conducts design reviews of analytics backends and defines the roadmap for internal data tooling.

Redis Expert

Defines Redis caching strategy for analytics platforms — establishes standards for query result caching, dashboard data freshness SLAs, and aggregation cache invalidation policies. Conducts design reviews of analytical caching architectures and defines technical roadmap for self-service analytics performance.

Database Management · 6

ClickHouse Expert

Establishes ClickHouse query standards and best practices for the analytics team, including naming conventions and performance guidelines. Reviews complex analytical queries and mentors analysts on window function optimization and approximate algorithm selection. Coordinates data modeling decisions to balance query flexibility with storage efficiency.

Defines data modeling standards across analytical teams. Establishes schema design review processes, migration guidelines, and backward compatibility rules. Drives adoption of consistent modeling patterns and shared analytical data marts.

Defines indexing strategy and data access standards for analytics teams. Establishes index management policies, performance benchmarks, and capacity planning for analytical databases. Conducts reviews of indexing decisions for data warehouse and lake house architectures. Creates training materials on query optimization and index design.

Defines team standards for analytical SQL development in MySQL including query templates, CTE patterns, and temporary table lifecycle management. Mentors analysts on advanced window functions, query optimization techniques, and proper use of MySQL-specific features like generated columns. Coordinates with data engineering on MySQL schema evolution to support growing analytical requirements.

PostgreSQL Expert

Defines PostgreSQL data strategy for analytics teams: establishes standards for analytical query patterns and data modeling, designs data access architecture for self-service analytics, drives adoption of PostgreSQL optimization best practices across data teams.

Defines query optimization strategy for analytics teams. Establishes data access performance standards, query governance policies, and cost management for query-intensive workloads. Conducts reviews of data access architectures. Creates query engineering best practices and training programs for data teams.

API & Integration · 2

Defines API documentation strategy for data analytics platform services and self-service data access. Establishes design standards for data query API documentation including performance guidelines and governance policies. Coordinates cross-team documentation reviews ensuring data API usability for analyst personas.

Defines API strategy for analytics data access at product level: data API standards for analytical workflows, API-based data pipeline governance, analytics endpoint performance requirements. Conducts API architecture reviews for data platform integrations.

Data Engineering · 10

Defines analytical data pipeline strategy and Airflow governance standards. Establishes DAG naming conventions, testing requirements, and monitoring practices. Drives adoption of self-service pipeline creation among analyst teams.

BI Dashboards Expert

Defines analytics dashboard strategy and visualization standards across the organization. Shapes the analytical platform enabling self-service cohort analysis and A/B test reporting. Coordinates analytics teams and establishes metric governance ensuring statistical rigor in all dashboards.

Data Catalog Expert

Defines data catalog adoption strategy across analytical teams. Establishes metadata standards, review processes, and catalog contribution guidelines. Measures catalog impact on analyst productivity and data discovery efficiency.

Defines data contract standards across analytical teams. Establishes contract review processes, approval workflows, and violation escalation paths. Drives adoption of contract-first culture among data consumers and producers.

Data Lineage Expert

Defines data lineage standards across analytical teams. Establishes lineage documentation requirements, coverage metrics, and review processes. Drives organizational adoption of lineage tools for data governance and compliance.

Data Quality Expert

Leads data quality strategy across analytical teams and data domains. Shapes platform architecture to embed quality checks at every pipeline stage. Coordinates data mesh adoption with domain-owned quality accountability. Establishes org-wide quality KPIs and improvement processes.

Drives the analytical layer strategy across the warehouse, defining how teams model facts and dimensions for cross-domain analysis. Sets standards for schema documentation, query pattern optimization, and analytical table lifecycle. Collaborates with data platform teams to shape warehouse architecture decisions that maximize analytical team productivity and data accessibility.

dbt Expert

Defines dbt transformation standards across analytical teams. Establishes modeling layer conventions, testing coverage requirements, and deployment workflows. Drives adoption of self-service dbt development among analyst teams with proper guardrails.

Defines data engineering strategy for analytics teams. Shapes data platform: tool selection and standards for data transformation, pipeline orchestration, and quality governance. Coordinates analytics teams on shared data assets and best practices. Drives adoption of modern data processing frameworks (Polars, DuckDB) for analytical workloads.

SQL-based ETL Expert

Defines ETL standards and data cleaning methodology for analytics teams. Establishes cohort definition governance, coordinates cross-team dataset preparation workflows, and drives adoption of reproducible analytical data pipelines.

Machine Learning & AI · 2

Defines analytics team strategy for applying scikit-learn models to BI and decision-support systems. Establishes standards for model validation, analytical assumptions documentation and reproducible reporting. Conducts reviews ensuring statistical rigor and stakeholder-ready interpretability.

Defines experiment tracking strategy for analytics teams: standardizes documentation of hypothesis testing, statistical methodologies, and decision outcomes; builds frameworks connecting analytical experiments to business impact measurement

AI-Assisted Development · 3

Defines ChatGPT/Claude adoption strategy for data analytics teams. Establishes standards for AI-assisted analytical workflows, automated EDA pipelines, and prompt engineering for statistical analysis. Conducts reviews ensuring AI-generated insights meet analytical rigor standards and data governance requirements.

Defines GitHub Copilot strategy for analytics teams: establishes guidelines for AI-assisted data analysis code development, designs validation workflows for AI-generated statistical and visualization code, drives Copilot adoption best practices across data teams.

Defines prompt engineering strategy for data analytics teams. Establishes best practices for AI-augmented analysis: standardized prompt formats, reproducibility requirements, and validation workflows. Conducts reviews of prompt-based analytics pipelines for accuracy and reliability. Creates training programs on prompt engineering for data professionals.

Observability & Monitoring · 2

Defines observability strategy for analytics platforms: establishes SLO-based approach for analytical data quality and processing latency, coordinates data processing incident management, optimizes MTTD/MTTR for analytical pipeline failures.

Defines observability strategy for data analytics platforms: establishes SLO-based approach for analytical data quality and latency, coordinates data incident management for analytics teams, optimizes MTTD/MTTR for data processing failures.

Version Control & Collaboration · 2

Code Review Expert

Defines code review strategy for analytics team: SQL review standards, data transformation review governance, statistical methodology review practices. Establishes review culture for analytical code reproducibility and correctness.

Git Advanced Expert

Defines Git strategy for analytics teams: establishes branching standards for collaborative analysis workflows, designs code review processes for shared analytical assets, drives adoption of version control for notebooks and SQL across data teams.

Additional skills

Not assessed by the team, but part of the self-assessment and the development plan.

Async ProgrammingAWSDesign PatternsDockerGitHub Actions / GitLab CIGraphQL DesignIntegration TestingKubernetes CoreMultithreadingNetwork FundamentalsOOP & SOLID PrinciplesOWASP & Application SecuritySecure Coding PracticesSystem Design FundamentalsUnit Testing

What changes at Principal

0 skills get a higher expectation or become core when moving from Lead to Principal. The biggest jumps first.

See the Principal page →
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} in the open competency matrix: 48 skills across 5 levels. The matrix is free for individuals and stays free.