Designs code quality standards for BI codebases: SQL/DAX naming conventions, dashboard-as-code practices, report template standardization. Refactors complex Power BI/Tableau calculated fields for maintainability. Establishes review processes for data model clarity and metric consistency across reports.
Roles · BI Analyst · Senior
What a Senior } should know
32 core skills, 47 in total. Expectations per skill, and what changes at the next level.
This page lists what a Senior } is expected to know and do, skill by skill. Core skills are the ones a manager and peers assess in a review cycle; the rest count only in self-assessment. Main areas: Programming Fundamentals, Backend Development, Database Management.
Core skills for a Senior
Grouped by area. The label on the right is the expected depth: Awareness, Working, Advanced or Expert.
Programming Fundamentals · 2
Selects optimal data structures for BI workloads: star/snowflake schemas for analytical query patterns, bridge tables for many-to-many relationships, slowly changing dimension types for historical tracking. Optimizes Power BI data model structures for DAX calculation performance. Designs hierarchical dimension structures for drill-down analytics.
Backend Development · 2
Designs Elasticsearch/OpenSearch solutions for BI analytics: Kibana dashboard architecture, aggregation pipeline optimization, and real-time data visualization. Optimizes index patterns for time-series reporting and metric exploration.
Builds internal analytics dashboards and reporting APIs using Flask and Dash. Optimizes query endpoints for large dataset aggregation. Chooses between lightweight and full-stack frameworks for BI tooling. Mentors analysts on building self-service data apps.
Database Management · 6
Architects ClickHouse schemas optimized for BI workloads, selecting appropriate MergeTree family engines and partitioning strategies. Builds cascading materialized view pipelines for multi-level aggregation. Tunes query performance through projection usage, skip indices, and dictionary-based dimension lookups for enterprise-scale dashboards.
Designs enterprise-grade dimensional models spanning multiple business domains. Implements Data Vault 2.0 patterns for historical tracking and auditability. Architects semantic layers that bridge physical data models with business-friendly abstractions.
Designs indexing architecture for enterprise BI systems: materialized view indexes for pre-computed aggregations, bitmap indexes for low-cardinality dimensions, and index strategies for real-time dashboards. Implements index lifecycle management (creation, monitoring, deprecation). Optimizes cross-database query performance for data warehouse and operational stores.
Designs MySQL analytical layer architecture with pre-aggregated tables, partitioned fact tables, and star-schema views optimized for BI tool consumption. Implements row-level security patterns in MySQL that integrate with Tableau and Power BI access controls. Mentors team on writing performant analytical queries and proper use of query hints for reporting workloads.
Designs PostgreSQL architecture for enterprise BI workloads: optimizes data warehouse schemas for complex analytical queries, implements columnar storage extensions for OLAP performance, configures read replicas for report isolation. Mentors analysts on advanced SQL optimization and data modeling for analytics.
Designs query architecture for enterprise BI: materialized view refresh strategies, query pushdown optimization for federated data sources, and adaptive query routing based on data volume. Implements query performance monitoring with automated regression detection. Creates query optimization guidelines and review processes for BI teams. Mentors analysts on advanced SQL optimization.
API & Integration · 2
Designs comprehensive API documentation architecture for enterprise data and reporting platforms. Defines documentation standards for data access APIs including query optimization guides, rate limiting policies, and data lineage references. Establishes automated documentation generation for BI tool connector APIs and reporting services.
Designs API architecture for BI data access: data API layer for reporting dashboards, efficient pagination for analytical queries, API-based data refresh strategies. Defines API contracts for BI-to-backend integration. Mentors team on API-driven analytics architecture.
Cloud & Infrastructure · 2
Designs AWS infrastructure solutions for enterprise BI platforms — multi-region Redshift clusters, Glue data catalog governance, and QuickSight enterprise deployments. Optimizes cost through Redshift reserved nodes, S3 Intelligent-Tiering for data lakes, and right-sizing analytics compute resources. Implements security hardening for data workloads with Lake Formation access controls and column-level encryption.
Designs Docker infrastructure for BI platforms: containerized analytics stack architecture, optimized images for ETL/reporting services, docker-compose for complex multi-service BI environments. Implements best practices for data persistence, backup strategies, and performance tuning in containerized BI.
Data Engineering · 10
Designs Airflow-based data pipeline architecture for enterprise BI platform. Implements complex dependency graphs across multiple data sources with SLA monitoring. Mentors team on DAG design patterns for reporting workflows.
Designs enterprise BI architecture across Tableau, Power BI, and Looker with governed data models and semantic layers. Optimizes dashboard ecosystems for thousands of concurrent users. Implements data quality frameworks and row-level security for executive reporting.
Designs data catalog architecture for enterprise BI ecosystem. Implements automated metadata harvesting from BI tools (Tableau, Power BI, Looker). Establishes metric governance with certified dataset programs and ownership models.
Designs data contract architecture for enterprise BI platform. Implements contract versioning, backward compatibility checks, and automated SLA monitoring. Establishes contract-first approach for new data source onboarding.
Designs data lineage architecture for enterprise BI ecosystem. Implements end-to-end lineage from source systems through ETL to dashboards. Establishes automated impact analysis workflows for schema evolution and migration planning.
Architects data quality frameworks across Tableau, Power BI, and Superset. Designs end-to-end validation strategies for BigQuery and ClickHouse warehouses. Implements automated lineage tracking and quality scoring for business KPIs. Mentors team on data governance and quality-first culture.
Architects the BI semantic layer across the entire warehouse, defining conformed dimensions and standardized metrics. Drives schema design decisions that balance reporting flexibility with query performance at scale. Mentors junior analysts on proper schema usage and establishes governance practices for aggregate table lifecycle management.
Designs dbt project architecture for enterprise BI platform with semantic layer integration. Implements dbt Mesh patterns for cross-project model references. Architects multi-environment deployment strategies with slim CI and state-based builds.
Designs data processing architecture with Pandas/Polars for enterprise BI: automated ETL pipelines, data quality frameworks, and real-time analytics data preparation. Optimizes large-scale data transformations with Polars lazy evaluation and partitioned processing. Implements data governance practices including lineage tracking and schema validation. Mentors team on efficient data engineering patterns.
Architects end-to-end ETL for enterprise BI warehouses. Designs incremental load strategies, optimizes star/snowflake schema refresh cycles, and implements data quality gates ensuring report-ready datasets across business domains.
AI-Assisted Development · 3
Has deep expertise in applying ChatGPT/Claude for enterprise BI development. Designs AI-assisted workflows for complex data modeling, automated insight generation, and natural language report creation. Optimizes prompt engineering for analytical tasks and mentors team on responsible AI usage for data-driven decision support.
Designs GitHub Copilot adoption strategies for BI teams: optimizes prompt engineering for complex SQL and ETL code generation, implements validation for AI-generated data transformation logic, measures impact on analytics development velocity. Mentors analysts on effective AI-assisted data engineering practices.
Designs prompt architectures for enterprise BI workflows: automated report generation, natural language to SQL translation, and self-service analytics interfaces. Implements prompt versioning and regression testing for analytics pipelines. Optimizes cost-quality trade-offs across different model tiers for BI use cases.
Observability & Monitoring · 3
Designs observability strategy with Custom Business Metrics. Implements distributed tracing. Defines SLI/SLO. Conducts post-mortems.
Designs observability strategy for BI data platforms with Prometheus & Grafana: implements end-to-end pipeline tracing with custom metrics, defines SLI/SLO for data freshness and processing throughput, conducts post-mortems for data pipeline incidents. Mentors analysts on metric-driven data quality monitoring.
Designs observability strategy for BI data infrastructure: implements end-to-end tracing for data pipelines, defines SLI/SLO for data freshness and quality metrics, conducts post-mortems for data incidents. Mentors analysts on log-based debugging for complex data pipeline issues.
Version Control & Collaboration · 2
Designs code review processes for BI codebases: SQL/DAX review standards, dashboard performance review checklists, data model consistency review gates. Mentors team on reviewing analytical code for accuracy and maintainability.
Designs Git workflows for BI teams: implements branching strategies for parallel report development across environments, optimizes merge processes for complex SQL transformations, configures hooks for data quality validation. Mentors analysts on advanced Git techniques for collaborative analytics development.
Additional skills
Not assessed by the team, but part of the self-assessment and the development plan.
What changes at Lead
47 skills get a higher expectation or become core when moving from Senior to Lead. The biggest jumps first.
- Apache Airflow: Advanced → Expert
- API Documentation: Advanced → Expert
- AWS: Advanced → Expert
- BI Dashboards: Advanced → Expert
- ChatGPT / Claude: Advanced → Expert
- ClickHouse: Advanced → Expert
- Code Quality & Refactoring: Advanced → Expert
- Code Review: Advanced → Expert
- Custom Business Metrics: Advanced → Expert
- Data Catalog: Advanced → Expert
} in the open competency matrix: 47 skills across 5 levels. The matrix is free for individuals and stays free.