Alerting & On-Call 1
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Understands SLI/SLO/SLA concepts for telecom service delivery — call setup success rate, voice quality MOS scores, and carrier-grade availability targets (five nines). Follows team monitoring dashboards to track network function health and service quality indicators.
Configures SLI/SLO for telecom network functions — tracks call setup success rate, voice quality degradation, and signaling latency. Creates carrier-grade monitoring dashboards with multi-level alerting. Participates in network operations on-call and analyzes service-impacting network incidents.
Defines product observability strategy for carrier-grade telecom platforms — establishes SLO-based approach for five-nines service availability, coordinates network incident management with NOC teams, and optimizes MTTD/MTTR for carrier-scale service disruptions. Drives carrier-grade reliability culture.
Defines organizational observability strategy for carrier-grade telecom platforms spanning multiple network generations — implements platform solutions for unified network monitoring, builds carrier-grade reliability culture with regulatory compliance integration, and establishes enterprise SLO framework for five-nines telecom service availability.
API Protocols 1
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Understands WebSocket basics for telecom applications: real-time event notification for network management, WebSocket as transport for SIP over WebSocket (RFC 7118), and presence/status update streaming. Follows team patterns for telecom-specific WebSocket protocol implementations.
Designs WebSocket APIs for telecom services: SIP signaling over WebSocket for WebRTC integration, real-time network event streaming for NOC dashboards, and subscriber notification services. Implements protocol-level features: message compression (permessage-deflate), binary frames for media control, and connection multiplexing for multi-service endpoints.
Defines WebSocket strategy for telecom platform. Establishes carrier-grade connection management standards, telecom protocol integration requirements, and SLA targets for real-time services. Conducts architecture reviews for WebSocket-based telecom services. Drives adoption of WebSocket for modern telecom APIs (CAMARA, Network-as-a-Service).
Defines enterprise strategy for real-time telecom communication infrastructure. Evaluates WebSocket vs emerging protocols for next-generation telecom services. Establishes organizational standards for carrier-grade real-time communication. Drives adoption of modern API-based telecom architectures leveraging WebSocket for developer-facing services.
Caching 1
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Uses Redis at a basic level in SIP/WebRTC/IMS. Performs simple tasks using ready-made templates. Understands basic concepts and follows team practices.
Independently implements tasks with Redis in SIP/WebRTC/IMS. Understands internals and optimizes performance. Writes tests using SIPp/integration tests.
Defines Redis caching strategy for telecom service platforms — establishes standards for subscriber session state management, CDR buffering policies, and network topology cache refresh. Conducts design reviews and defines technical roadmap for carrier-grade caching infrastructure.
Defines organizational Redis and caching strategy for carrier-grade telecom platforms — evaluates caching technologies for telecom-scale session management, establishes enterprise standards for real-time network data caching, and designs reference architectures for carrier-grade caching infrastructure.
Distributed Tracing 1
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Understands basics of OpenTelemetry for telecom service observability. Follows team guidelines for instrumenting network functions and signaling services with OTel SDK. Reads distributed traces to debug call flow processing latency and network function communication issues.
Configures OpenTelemetry for telecom network function observability — instruments signaling and media plane services with protocol-aware spans, creates dashboards for call setup latency and network function health. Participates in network operations on-call and analyzes traces for carrier-grade service degradation incidents.
Defines product observability strategy for carrier-grade telecom platforms with OpenTelemetry. Establishes SLO-based approach for five-nines service availability. Coordinates network incident management with NOC teams. Optimizes MTTD/MTTR for carrier-scale service disruptions.
Defines organizational observability strategy with OpenTelemetry for carrier-grade telecom platforms spanning multiple network generations. Implements enterprise-grade telemetry infrastructure for network function monitoring. Builds carrier-grade reliability culture integrating regulatory compliance. Establishes enterprise SLO framework for five-nines telecom service availability.
gRPC 1
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Understands basics of gRPC & Protocol Buffers for telecom network function communication. Reads proto definitions for signaling, configuration management, and telemetry schemas. Follows team conventions for defining network element service contracts with efficient binary encoding.
Independently designs gRPC services for telecom network management — configuration distribution with streaming updates, efficient proto schemas for network element state and alarm data, and bidirectional streaming for real-time telemetry. Writes comprehensive proto documentation and conformance tests for telecom service contracts.
Defines gRPC API strategy for telecom network management platforms — establishes proto governance for 3GPP-aligned service contracts, designs versioning policies for network function APIs, and coordinates standardized streaming patterns for telemetry and configuration services.
Defines organizational gRPC API strategy for carrier-grade telecom platforms — designs platform-level proto governance aligned with 3GPP and IETF standards for network function communication. Establishes enterprise API architecture for telecom service mesh spanning multiple network generations and vendor interoperability.
Infrastructure Security 1
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Understands fundamental network security principles relevant to telecom: firewall basics, VPN tunneling concepts, and traffic encryption with TLS/IPsec. Can configure basic ACLs on network equipment and recognizes common network-level attack vectors such as ARP spoofing and DNS poisoning.
Independently implements network security measures in telecom systems: configures IPsec/GRE tunnels, sets up VLAN segmentation for signaling and media planes, and enforces TLS for SIP trunking. Monitors network anomalies with flow analysis tools and responds to DDoS attempts targeting telecom infrastructure.
Leads network security strategy for the telecom development team: defines security standards for all network protocol implementations, establishes secure-by-default configurations for SBC and firewall deployments, and coordinates with NOC on incident response procedures. Drives team adoption of automated network security testing and ensures compliance with telecom security regulations (3GPP, GSMA).
Shapes the organization's network security vision for telecom infrastructure at scale: defines enterprise standards for carrier-grade network protection, drives adoption of 5G security frameworks (NESAS, SCAS), and establishes cross-departmental governance for signaling security (SS7, Diameter, HTTP/2). Influences industry standards bodies on telecom network security and evaluates emerging threats to next-generation network architectures.
Kubernetes & Orchestration 1
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Understands basic Kubernetes concepts for deploying cloud-native network functions (CNFs). Uses ready-made configurations for telecom workload deployments on Kubernetes. Performs simple operations like checking VNF pod status and network function logs under guidance.
Independently configures Kubernetes deployments for cloud-native network functions with SR-IOV and DPDK support. Writes IaC for telecom workloads with Multus CNI and custom network attachment definitions. Understands Kubernetes networking for carrier-grade service mesh configurations and traffic separation.
Defines Kubernetes infrastructure strategy for telecom-grade network function deployments across 5G and edge environments. Establishes IaC standards for CNF lifecycle management, carrier-grade high availability, and multi-vendor interoperability. Conducts architecture reviews and optimizes FinOps for telecom compute infrastructure.
Defines organizational cloud strategy for carrier-grade Kubernetes platforms spanning 5G core, edge, and enterprise telecom workloads. Evaluates multi-cloud architectures for telecom network function portability and regulatory compliance. Designs enterprise-grade telecom platform infrastructure and establishes FinOps practices for telecom compute cost governance.
Message Queues & Event Streaming 1
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Uses Apache Kafka at a basic level in SIP/WebRTC/IMS. Performs simple tasks using ready-made templates. Understands basic concepts and follows team practices.
Independently implements tasks with Apache Kafka in SIP/WebRTC/IMS. Understands internals and optimizes performance. Writes tests using SIPp/integration tests.
Defines Kafka strategy for telecom platform: carrier-grade event processing standards, event schema governance for network data, and Kafka cluster architecture for telecom workloads. Conducts architecture reviews for event-driven telecom services. Drives adoption of event streaming for network analytics and automation.
Defines organizational event streaming strategy for telecom. Evaluates Kafka vs next-generation messaging for carrier-grade workloads. Establishes enterprise event architecture standards for network data processing. Drives adoption of event-driven patterns for telecom network automation and analytics at scale.
Network Infrastructure 4
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Understands the fundamentals of Load Balancer Deep Dive L4/L7. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies Load Balancer Deep Dive L4/L7 in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines Load Balancer Deep Dive L4/L7 strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines Load Balancer Deep Dive L4/L7 strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of Network Automation: Netmiko, NAPALM. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies Network Automation: Netmiko, NAPALM in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines Network Automation strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines Network Automation strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of Reverse Proxy: NGINX, Traefik, Caddy. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies Reverse Proxy: NGINX, Traefik, Caddy in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines Reverse Proxy strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines Reverse Proxy strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of Software-Defined Networking (SDN). Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies Software-Defined Networking (SDN) in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines Software-Defined Networking strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines Software-Defined Networking strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Network Protocols 4
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Understands the fundamentals of BGP / OSPF Routing. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies BGP / OSPF Routing in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines BGP / OSPF Routing strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines BGP / OSPF Routing strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of DNS Deep Dive. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies DNS Deep Dive in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines DNS Deep Dive strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines DNS Deep Dive strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of HTTP/2 & HTTP/3 QUIC. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies HTTP/2 & HTTP/3 QUIC in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 QUIC strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 QUIC strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands TCP/IP protocol layers and their role in telecom infrastructure. Analyzes packet flows with Wireshark, understands QoS marking, and works with carrier-grade NAT and routing basics.
Independently applies TCP/IP Deep Dive in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines TCP/IP Deep Dive strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines TCP/IP Deep Dive strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Networking 1
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Understands basic networking concepts for telecom protocol stacks — OSI model layers, SIP/RTP signaling, and SS7/Diameter protocol basics. Uses ready-made configurations for network function deployments and performs simple protocol analysis under senior guidance.
Independently configures and manages Network Fundamentals. Writes IaC for standard tasks. Understands networking and security basics.
Defines network infrastructure strategy for carrier-grade telecom platforms spanning 5G, IMS, and enterprise services. Establishes IaC standards for network function deployment, traffic engineering, and service chain orchestration. Conducts architecture reviews of network designs and optimizes FinOps for telecom network infrastructure.
Defines organizational network strategy for carrier-grade telecom platforms spanning multiple network generations and service types. Evaluates multi-vendor network architectures and designs enterprise-grade network automation platforms. Establishes FinOps practices for telecom network infrastructure cost governance and capacity planning at carrier scale.
Optimization 1
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Monitors basic call processing rate metrics and signaling message throughput using standard telecom monitoring tools. Identifies simple bottlenecks in SIP message handling and media stream setup paths. Applies configuration tuning for thread pools and connection limits to improve call setup rates under normal traffic conditions.
Optimizes signaling message throughput by implementing efficient SIP transaction state machines and reducing per-message memory allocations. Tunes media stream capacity by configuring RTP multiplexing and jitter buffer strategies. Profiles call processing pipelines to eliminate redundant codec negotiations and achieves higher concurrent call density per server instance.
Establishes call processing rate targets and signaling throughput SLAs aligned with carrier-grade requirements. Leads capacity planning for signaling and media planes, driving adoption of optimized protocol stacks across teams. Defines performance testing frameworks that validate throughput under realistic traffic models and mentors engineers on telecom-specific profiling techniques.
Defines the long-term throughput strategy for telecom platforms, balancing call processing capacity with infrastructure economics at carrier scale. Evaluates emerging standards like SIP-over-QUIC for throughput gains. Drives cross-organization alignment on signaling architecture evolution and media plane modernization to support next-generation network capacity demands.
Performance Testing 1
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Understands load testing basics for telecom systems: simulating concurrent call/session loads, measuring signaling throughput, and testing media processing under load. Follows team guidelines for telecom-specific load test tools and SLA validation scenarios.
Implements load testing for telecom services: SIPp-based signaling load tests, media quality testing under concurrent call loads (MOS scoring), and network element stress testing. Creates test scenarios that validate SLA compliance at target call volumes. Implements automated performance regression testing for telecom protocol handlers.
Defines load testing strategy for telecom platform. Establishes carrier-grade performance validation standards, certification test requirements, and capacity planning governance. Conducts reviews of telecom performance testing approaches. Drives adoption of automated performance validation for telecom services.
Defines organizational performance testing strategy for telecom. Builds carrier-grade performance engineering culture across telecom teams. Implements platform solutions for automated load testing at telecom scale. Evaluates emerging technologies for next-generation telecom performance validation.
Relational Databases 1
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Understands basic PostgreSQL for telecom development: storing CDR (call detail records) and subscriber data, basic queries for call analytics, understanding schemas for telecom billing and provisioning systems. Follows team conventions for telecom database access patterns.
Independently designs telecom database schemas: optimizes queries for CDR processing and subscriber data access, implements partitioning for high-volume call record tables, configures connection management for signaling system workloads. Understands trade-offs between normalized and denormalized schemas for telecom data access patterns.
Defines PostgreSQL data strategy for telecom products: establishes standards for CDR storage and subscriber data management, designs database architecture for telecom platform scaling, drives adoption of PostgreSQL best practices for telecommunications workloads.
Defines organizational data strategy for telecom platforms: evaluates PostgreSQL and complementary databases for enterprise telecom data workloads, designs multi-region data architectures for global telecom services, establishes governance for CDR storage and subscriber data management at organizational scale.
Telecom 5
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Understands the fundamentals of 5G Core Network. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies 5G Core Network in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines 5G Core Network strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines 5G Core Network strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of Signaling Protocols. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies Signaling Protocols in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines Signaling Protocols strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines Signaling Protocols strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of Telecom Billing Systems. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies Telecom Billing Systems in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines Telecom Billing Systems strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines Telecom Billing Systems strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of VoIP / SIP Protocol. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies VoIP / SIP Protocol in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines VoIP / SIP Protocol strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines VoIP / SIP Protocol strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.
Understands the fundamentals of WebRTC. Applies basic practices in daily work. Follows recommendations from the team and documentation.
Independently applies WebRTC in practice. Understands trade-offs of different approaches. Solves typical tasks independently.
Defines WebRTC strategy at the team/product level. Establishes standards and best practices. Conducts reviews.
Defines WebRTC strategy at the organizational level. Establishes enterprise approaches. Mentors leads and architects.