Algorithms & Data Structures 2
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Understands the fundamentals of Algorithms & Complexity at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Independently applies algorithmic thinking in Rust: selects iterator-based algorithms for zero-copy processing, understands ownership model impact on algorithm design, evaluates concurrent algorithm patterns with atomics and channels. Analyzes complexity of data processing in systems-level Rust code.
Designs algorithmic solutions for high-load Rust services applying zero-cost abstractions and iterator chains. Analyzes complexity considering allocator specifics and CPU cache lines, profiling through criterion and flamegraph.
Defines algorithmic strategy for the entire Rust platform, implementing custom allocators and SIMD optimizations for critical paths. Develops internal libraries with O(1) allocation guarantees using arena allocators and zero-copy approaches through Cow and Bytes.
Understands the fundamentals of Data Structures at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Independently selects appropriate data structures in Rust: Vec vs VecDeque for sequential data, HashMap vs BTreeMap for keyed lookups, Arc<Mutex> vs channels for shared state. Understands trade-offs between ownership patterns and data structure borrowing semantics.
Develops specialized data structures in Rust considering ownership model, using types from std::collections and external crates (im, dashmap). Ensures lock-free access through crossbeam and atomic types for concurrent scenarios.
Creates platform-wide data architecture, designing custom concurrent structures with unsafe blocks and formal correctness proofs. Defines standards for using Pin, PhantomData and interior mutability patterns (Cell, RefCell, RwLock) at organizational level.
API Management 2
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Documents REST API of Rust services through utoipa attributes (#[utoipa::path]) on Axum/Actix-web endpoints. Describes request/response schemas through derive(ToSchema) and generates Swagger UI through utoipa-swagger-ui middleware.
Develops comprehensive API documentation for Rust services: OpenAPI 3.0 through utoipa with examples, authentication description (SecurityScheme), grouping by tags. Configures automated documentation generation in CI and publishing through Swagger UI/Redoc.
Defines API documentation standards for Rust platform: mandatory utoipa annotations in code review, automated publishing to developer portal. Develops CI checks for documentation completeness and examples for each endpoint with cargo test integration.
Shapes organizational API documentation strategy: developer experience portal with automated aggregation from all Rust services, SDK generation for clients. Defines API governance processes, mandatory specification review and documentation quality metrics.
Understands API versioning principles in Rust services: URL-based (/v1/, /v2/), header-based approaches. Implements basic versioning through separate route modules in Axum/Actix-web and maintains compatibility when adding new fields through Option<T>.
Implements API versioning in Rust services through Axum middleware or Actix-web guards, supporting multiple versions simultaneously. Applies serde with #[serde(default)] and #[serde(skip_serializing_if)] for backward-compatible JSON schema evolution.
Defines API versioning standards for Rust platform: semantic versioning for gRPC contracts, automated breaking change detection in CI. Develops deprecation workflow with sunset headers and usage metrics for deprecated versions.
Shapes organizational API lifecycle management policy: sunset/deprecation strategies, automated client migration, multi-version support matrix. Defines API gateway architecture for version routing and decision-making processes for breaking changes.
Authentication & Authorization 1
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Implements basic JWT authentication in Rust services through jsonwebtoken crate: token validation, claims extraction through serde deserialization. Configures middleware for Authorization header verification in Axum/Actix-web and understands JWT structure.
Develops authentication and authorization for Rust services: JWT with RS256 through jsonwebtoken, OAuth2 integration through oauth2-rs crate. Implements refresh token flow, role-based access control through custom extractors in Axum and token blacklisting through Redis.
Defines authentication standards for Rust platform: unified auth middleware crate, token lifetime and rotation standards, IdP integration. Develops authorization framework with policy-as-code through OPA integration and automated security policy testing.
Shapes organizational identity strategy: zero-trust architecture with mTLS and JWT, federated identity management, passwordless authentication. Defines token governance standards, regulatory compliance (GDPR, SOX) and centralized audit logging architecture.
Caching 2
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Uses caching strategies at a basic level in actix-web/axum. Performs simple tasks using established templates. Understands basic concepts and follows team practices.
Independently implements tasks with caching strategies in actix-web/axum. Understands internals and optimizes performance. Writes tests with cargo test.
Designs multi-level cache architecture for Rust services: L1 (thread-local), L2 (shared moka), L3 (Redis) with write-through/write-behind strategies. Develops generic cache trait with support for invalidation, warming and hit-rate monitoring through Prometheus metrics.
Defines platform-wide Rust caching strategy: CDN integrations, distributed cache coherence protocols, predictive caching based on ML models. Establishes architectural principles for cache budgeting, consistency guarantees and automated capacity planning for cache layers.
Uses Redis at a basic level in actix-web/axum. Performs simple tasks using established templates. Understands basic concepts and follows team practices.
Independently implements tasks with Redis in actix-web/axum. Understands internals and optimizes performance. Writes tests with cargo test.
Designs Redis caching layer for Rust microservices: cluster configurations, Lua scripts through redis::Script, distributed locks with Redlock algorithm. Develops type-safe cache abstractions with generic trait Cache<K,V> and automatic serialization through serde.
Defines Redis strategy for organizational Rust ecosystem: choosing between redis-rs and fred, multi-tier caching architecture with in-process (moka) and distributed layers. Establishes memory budgeting standards, eviction policies and monitoring through redis-exporter with Grafana integration.
Clean Code & Refactoring 1
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Understands the fundamentals of Code Quality & Refactoring at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Independently applies code quality practices in Rust development. Writes clean code with clear ownership semantics, proper error types, and ergonomic APIs. Understands trade-offs between generics complexity and API usability. Reviews code for unsafe usage, lifetime correctness, and trait design clarity.
Implements comprehensive Rust code quality system: strict clippy lints (#![deny(clippy::all)]), rustfmt configuration, cargo-audit for dependencies. Configures CI pipelines with MSRV checks, miri for undefined behavior and cargo-deny for licenses.
Shapes Rust code quality culture in the organization: custom clippy lints through dylint, mandatory cargo-vet for supply chain security, documentation standards through rustdoc. Defines unsafe code review policies, MSRV strategy and dependency audit processes through cargo-crev.
Concurrency & Parallelism 2
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Understands the fundamentals of Async Programming at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Independently applies async programming in Rust: tokio/async-std runtime, Future composition with async/await, pinning and lifetime management in async contexts. Understands trade-offs between sync and async Rust, task spawning vs structured concurrency.
Designs complex asynchronous systems on Tokio/async-std with backpressure management, graceful shutdown and structured concurrency. Configures runtime (work-stealing, current-thread), manages spawn strategies and debugs async code through tokio-console.
Defines asynchronous architecture for the entire platform: choosing between Tokio and async-std, executor pool strategies for CPU-bound and IO-bound tasks. Develops futures abstractions with custom combinators, implements backpressure protocols and cancellation guarantees through CancellationToken at organizational level.
Understands the fundamentals of Multithreading at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Independently applies multithreading in Rust: Send/Sync trait system for thread safety guarantees, Arc<Mutex> for shared state, tokio runtime for async concurrency, crossbeam for lock-free data structures. Explains Rust ownership model advantages for concurrent code in review.
Designs multi-threaded Rust systems with Send/Sync guarantees using Arc<Mutex>, RwLock and crossbeam channels. Applies Rayon for data parallelism, configures thread pools and profiles contention through flamegraph and perf.
Develops platform-wide concurrency strategy: lock-free algorithms through atomics, actor models through Actix, shared-nothing architectures. Defines standards for using unsafe for FFI and low-level synchronization primitives with formal verification through Miri.
Data Modeling 2
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Designs simple data models for Rust applications, creating struct definitions with derive(sqlx::FromRow) or Diesel schemas. Understands mapping between Rust types and PostgreSQL, uses Option<T> for nullable fields and enum types through sqlx::Type.
Independently designs schemas and optimizes queries with data modeling and schema design. Understands indexing and query execution plans. Uses diesel/sea-orm effectively.
Designs data models for Rust microservice platform: bounded contexts with separate schemas, event sourcing through append-only tables. Develops shared domain type libraries (domain-primitives crate) and serialization standards through serde for inter-service exchange.
Defines organizational data modeling strategy: DDD approaches with aggregate roots as Rust structs, CQRS with projection tables, multi-model storage. Establishes data governance standards, event schema registry and master data management architecture.
Creates basic migrations for Rust projects through refinery or sqlx migrate, understanding schema versioning principles. Writes idempotent UP/DOWN migrations, adds tables and columns with proper data types and constraints.
Independently designs schemas and optimizes queries with database migrations. Understands indexing and query execution plans. Uses diesel/sea-orm effectively.
Designs migration strategy for Rust microservice platform: unified tooling (refinery vs sqlx migrate vs diesel_migrations), migration testing in CI. Develops workflow for coordinating schema changes between teams with automated backward compatibility verification.
Defines organizational database schema management policy: naming standards, mandatory review process for migrations, automated rollback strategies. Shapes multi-tenant migration architecture, schema-per-service isolation and disaster recovery procedures for migration failures.
Database Optimization 2
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Creates basic PostgreSQL indexes for Rust applications, understanding the connection between query types in SQLx/Diesel and required indexes. Uses EXPLAIN to analyze query plans and adds B-tree indexes for frequently used WHERE conditions.
Independently designs schemas and optimizes queries with database indexing. Understands indexing and query execution plans. Uses diesel/sea-orm effectively.
Develops PostgreSQL indexing standards for Rust platform: automated analysis through custom Rust CLI utilities, monitoring unused indexes. Defines indexing strategies for high-load tables considering write amplification and VACUUM processes.
Shapes organizational database indexing policy: automated auditing through Rust tools, ML-driven index recommendations, strategies for sharded databases. Defines index bloat monitoring standards, reindex procedures and capacity planning for index storage.
Optimizes simple SQL queries in Rust applications by analyzing EXPLAIN output and avoiding N+1 problems when loading related data. Uses batch queries through SQLx query_as instead of loop calls and adds pagination through LIMIT/OFFSET.
Independently designs schemas and optimizes queries with query optimization. Understands indexing and query execution plans. Uses diesel/sea-orm effectively.
Designs query optimization strategy for Rust platform: query builder abstractions with automatic EXPLAIN logging, materialized views for aggregations. Develops custom SQLx middleware for slow query tracing and automated alerting.
Defines organizational SQL optimization standards: automated pg_stat_statements monitoring through Rust agents, continuous query profiling in production. Shapes query routing architecture between primary and read replicas considering service consistency requirements.
Distributed Tracing 1
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Integrates OpenTelemetry into Rust services through opentelemetry-rust SDK: basic tracer setup, sending traces through OTLP exporter. Understands span and trace context concepts and linking traces with tracing crate through tracing-opentelemetry.
Configures OpenTelemetry for Rust microservices: automatic HTTP instrumentation through tower middleware, distributed tracing with context propagation (W3C TraceContext). Configures OTLP export to Jaeger/Tempo, sets up sampling strategies and span attributes.
Defines OpenTelemetry standards for Rust platform: mandatory instrumentation for all services, shared otel crate with auto-configuration. Develops semantic conventions for business domains, configures OTel Collector fleet and defines data pipeline for traces/metrics.
Shapes organizational observability strategy based on OpenTelemetry: vendor-agnostic architecture, eBPF instrumentation for zero-code observability. Defines telemetry data governance standards, cost management through intelligent sampling and observability platform architecture.
gRPC 1
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Implements basic gRPC services in Rust through tonic, defining .proto files and using Rust code auto-generation through prost. Understands Protobuf message structure, unary RPC calls and proto type mapping to Rust structs.
Develops gRPC services on tonic with server/client streaming, interceptors for authentication and request metadata. Configures tonic-build for code generation, implements error mapping through tonic::Status and connects reflection service for grpcurl.
Defines gRPC communication standards for Rust platform: schema registry for .proto files, backwards-compatible message evolution, shared crates with generated code. Develops tower middleware stack for tracing, metrics and circuit breaking in gRPC calls.
Shapes organizational gRPC strategy: service mesh integration (Linkerd) with Rust services, backward compatibility protocols, multi-language code generation. Defines gRPC gateway architecture for REST clients and performance tuning standards (HTTP/2 settings, message size limits).
Memory Management 2
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Understands the fundamentals of Memory Management at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Applies Rust ownership model effectively: understands move semantics, borrowing rules, and lifetime annotations. Uses Box, Rc, Arc appropriately for heap allocation patterns. Handles interior mutability with RefCell and Mutex. Understands stack vs heap allocation trade-offs and when to use references vs owned values.
Designs systems with optimal use of Rust ownership model: minimizing clones through lifetime annotations, Cow for lazy copying, Arc for shared ownership. Defines team standards for working with Box, Rc, Pin and managing lifetime annotations.
Develops architectural memory management principles for the organization: custom allocators through GlobalAlloc trait, zero-copy deserialization through rkyv/zerocopy, fragmentation prevention strategies. Establishes unsafe usage policies for raw pointers with mandatory verification through Miri and cargo-careful.
Understands the fundamentals of Memory Profiling at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Independently uses DHAT, heaptrack, and Valgrind/Massif to profile Rust application memory. Understands how ownership patterns and borrow checker semantics affect allocation behavior and chooses profiling strategies accordingly.
Profiles memory consumption of Rust services through Valgrind/DHAT, jemalloc statistics and custom allocator wrappers. Analyzes allocation patterns through tracing-allocator, identifies leaks through Rc cycles and optimizes struct layout through repr(C) and field reordering.
Defines platform-wide memory management strategy: global allocator selection (jemalloc, mimalloc), arena allocators for hot paths, memory-mapped I/O through memmap2. Implements continuous profiling in production through pprof-rs and automated alerts on RSS/heap growth.
Message Queues & Event Streaming 1
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Uses Apache Kafka at a basic level in actix-web/axum. Performs simple tasks using established templates. Understands basic concepts and follows team practices.
Independently implements tasks with Apache Kafka in actix-web/axum. Understands internals and optimizes performance. Writes tests with cargo test.
Designs event-driven architecture for Rust services with Kafka: Avro/Protobuf schemas through prost, consumer groups with graceful shutdown, dead letter queues. Develops abstractions over rdkafka with type-safe message envelopes and automatic deserialization through serde.
Defines event-driven architecture strategy in Rust: choosing between rdkafka and kafka-rust, designing event sourcing with CQRS patterns. Develops organizational standards for schema evolution, partition strategies and consumer lag monitoring through Prometheus metrics from Rust services.
OOP & Design Patterns 1
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Understands the fundamentals of Design Patterns at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Independently applies design patterns for Rust: trait-based strategy and visitor patterns, builder for complex struct construction, newtype pattern for type safety, state machine pattern with enums. Explains Rust-specific pattern choices considering ownership and lifetimes.
Adapts classic patterns to Rust ownership model: Builder through consuming self, Strategy through trait objects (Box<dyn Trait>), Observer through Tokio channels. Forms team's library of idiomatic patterns including typestate pattern and newtype idiom.
Defines architectural patterns for the organizational Rust service ecosystem: tower middleware stacks, typed configurations through serde, plugin systems through dynamic dispatch. Develops proc macros for code generation of repetitive patterns.
Optimization 1
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Measures Rust service latency through basic metrics: response time through tracing, P50/P95/P99 through prometheus histograms. Understands latency sources (network calls, DB queries) and applies basic optimizations (connection pooling, indexes).
Optimizes Rust service latency: minimizing allocations through stack-based buffers (SmallVec, ArrayVec), async I/O without blocking operations. Profiles through tokio-console for task scheduling analysis, optimizes serialization through zero-copy (bytes, rkyv).
Defines latency optimization standards for Rust platform: SLO-based performance budgets, mandatory latency benchmarks in CI. Develops architectural guidelines for latency-sensitive services: pre-warming, connection pooling strategies and async patterns for minimal overhead.
Shapes organizational latency minimization strategy: kernel bypass through DPDK/io_uring, hardware-software co-design for ultra-low-latency. Defines real-time system architecture on Rust (no_std for critical paths), tail latency management standards and capacity planning.
Profiling 1
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Uses basic CPU profiling tools for Rust: cargo bench with criterion for performance measurement, perf stat for general metrics. Understands the impact of release vs debug compilation and interprets basic benchmark results.
Profiles CPU performance of Rust services: flamegraph through cargo-flamegraph, perf record/report for hotspot analysis. Applies criterion for micro-benchmarks with statistical significance, analyzes inlining through #[inline] and optimizes hot paths.
Defines performance profiling standards for Rust platform: mandatory criterion benchmarks for critical paths in CI, regression detection through cargo-bench-cmp. Develops continuous profiling infrastructure and performance budgets for latency-sensitive services.
Shapes performance engineering culture in the organization: production profiling through eBPF, automated performance regression detection. Defines performance observability architecture, hardware-aware optimization standards (SIMD, cache-oblivious algorithms) and performance review processes.
Relational Databases 1
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Performs basic CRUD operations with PostgreSQL from Rust through SQLx or Diesel using type-safe queries with compile-time verification. Understands Rust type mapping to SQL types (String->TEXT, i32->INTEGER) and works with connection pools through sqlx::PgPool.
Independently designs schemas and optimizes queries with PostgreSQL. Understands indexing and query execution plans. Uses diesel/sea-orm effectively.
Designs PostgreSQL access layer for Rust platform: choosing between Diesel (compile-time DSL) and SQLx (raw SQL with verification), migration strategies through refinery. Develops repository abstractions with generic trait Repository<T> and optimizes connection pool settings for Tokio runtime.
Defines PostgreSQL strategy for Rust ecosystem: ORM standards (SeaORM vs Diesel vs SQLx), read-replica and partitioning architecture. Establishes connection management policies, prepared statement caching and monitoring through pg_stat_statements with Prometheus integration.
Test Strategy 1
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Understands the fundamentals of property-based testing with proptest and quickcheck crates. Writes basic property tests leveraging Rust's type system for input generation. Follows team guidelines for strategy composition.
Applies property-based testing in Rust through proptest crate: generating random input data with Strategy, verifying business logic invariants. Writes shrinkable strategies for domain types and uses prop_assert! for property verification.
Defines property-based testing standards for Rust platform: mandatory proptest suites for critical business logic, CI integration with regression files. Develops shared strategy libraries for domain types and fuzzing coverage standards for unsafe code.
Shapes organizational formal verification and property testing strategy: combining proptest, cargo-fuzz and Kani (bounded model checking) for critical components. Defines continuous fuzzing processes through OSS-Fuzz, correctness proof standards and coverage metrics.
Type Systems 2
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Understands the fundamentals of Generics & Parametric Polymorphism at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Implements Rust generics with trait bounds: writes generic functions and structs with where clauses and multiple trait bounds. Understands monomorphization and its impact on binary size vs runtime performance. Applies lifetime parameters in generic contexts ('a), combines generics with trait objects (dyn Trait) when dynamic dispatch is needed. Uses PhantomData for zero-cost type-level markers.
Designs generic APIs with complex trait bounds using where clauses, associated types and GAT (Generic Associated Types). Develops generic middleware layers for tower services and typed builder patterns with compile-time validation.
Defines organizational generics strategy: higher-kinded type emulations, const generics for compile-time computations, specialization through marker traits. Develops proc macros for automating derive implementations and creates internal DSLs through Rust's type system.
Understands the fundamentals of Type Safety & Type Systems at a basic level. Applies simple concepts in work tasks using Rust. Follows recommendations from senior developers when solving problems.
Independently applies Rust's type system for backend services — leveraging ownership and borrowing for memory safety, using enums with associated data for state machines, and applying trait bounds for generic service abstractions. Understands trade-offs between dynamic dispatch and monomorphization. Explains lifetime annotations and type-level programming to colleagues.
Designs APIs with maximum type safety: newtype patterns for domain types, phantom types for compile-time invariants, exhaustive enums instead of string constants. Implements typestate pattern for guaranteeing protocol correctness at the type level.
Shapes type safety strategy for the entire codebase: session types for protocols, refinement types through const generics, branded types for preventing ID mixing. Defines 'making invalid states unrepresentable' standards and develops type-level state machines for critical business logic.
Web Frameworks 1
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Uses Rust Web Frameworks at a basic level in actix-web/axum. Performs simple tasks using established templates. Understands basic concepts and follows team practices.
Independently implements tasks with Rust Web Frameworks in actix-web/axum. Understands internals and optimizes performance. Writes tests with cargo test.
Defines architectural decisions for Rust Web Frameworks at product level. Establishes standards. Conducts design reviews and defines technical roadmap.
Defines Rust Web Frameworks strategy at company level. Evaluates new technologies and approaches. Shapes enterprise standards and reference architectures.