Select your current position

Pick a role and level — we'll show the growth path, skills and gap analysis.

Development path

Junior

0-2 years

Current

Responsibility: Writing code in C/C++. Working with system calls. Debugging memory issues (Valgrind/ASan). Writing unit tests.

Key skills:

Code Review Need
GitHub Actions / GitLab CI Need
Algorithms & Complexity Need
Async Programming Need
Code Quality & Refactoring Need
Multithreading Need
System Design Fundamentals Need
Network Fundamentals Need
Design Patterns Need
Data Structures Need
Memory Management Need

Middle

2-5 years

Next

Responsibility: Performance optimization. Multithreaded programming (pthreads/std::thread). Profiling (perf). Building libraries.

Key skills:

Code Review Need
GitHub Actions / GitLab CI Need
Algorithms & Complexity Need
Async Programming Need
Code Quality & Refactoring Need
Multithreading Need
System Design Fundamentals Need
Network Fundamentals Need
Design Patterns Need
Data Structures Need
Memory Management Need

Senior

5-8 years

Responsibility: Systems software architecture. Lock-free programming. Kernel modules. SIMD optimization. API design.

Key skills:

AST & IR Manipulation Need
Bare Metal Programming Need
Benchmarking Tools & Methodology Need
C for Embedded Need
C++ for Embedded Need
Code Generation Need
Code Review Need
Compiler Optimization Passes Need
CPU Profiling Need
Docker Need
DSL Design & Implementation Need
GitHub Actions / GitLab CI Need
I/O & Disk Profiling Need
Interpreter Design Need
JIT Compilation Need
Language Server Protocol (LSP) Need
Latency Optimization Need
Lexing & Parsing Need
Memory Profiling Need
Performance Budgets Need
Real-Time Systems Design Need
Resource Optimization FinOps Need
RTOS Fundamentals: FreeRTOS, Zephyr Need
Rust for Embedded Need
Throughput Optimization Need
Type Inference & Type Checking Need
Unit Testing Need
Algorithms & Complexity Need
Graph Algorithms Need
Async Programming Need
Generics & Parametric Polymorphism Need
Code Quality & Refactoring Need
Multithreading Need
System Design Fundamentals Need
Network Fundamentals Need
Functional Programming Principles Need
Design Patterns Need
Memory Profiling Need
Data Structures Need
Type Safety & Type Systems Need
Memory Management Need

Lead / Staff

7-12 years

Responsibility: System architecture. Development standards. Choosing C vs C++ vs Rust. Coordination with hardware.

Key skills:

AST & IR Manipulation Need
Bare Metal Programming Need
Benchmarking Tools & Methodology Need
C for Embedded Need
C++ for Embedded Need
Code Generation Need
Code Review Need
Compiler Optimization Passes Need
CPU Profiling Need
Docker Need
DSL Design & Implementation Need
I/O & Disk Profiling Need
Interpreter Design Need
JIT Compilation Need
Language Server Protocol (LSP) Need
Latency Optimization Need
Lexing & Parsing Need
Memory Profiling Need
Performance Budgets Need
Real-Time Systems Design Need
Resource Optimization FinOps Need
RTOS Fundamentals: FreeRTOS, Zephyr Need
Rust for Embedded Need
Throughput Optimization Need
Type Inference & Type Checking Need
Unit Testing Need
Algorithms & Complexity Need
Graph Algorithms Need
Async Programming Need
Generics & Parametric Polymorphism Need
Code Quality & Refactoring Need
Multithreading Need
System Design Fundamentals Need
Functional Programming Principles Need
Design Patterns Need
Memory Profiling Need
Data Structures Need
Type Safety & Type Systems Need
Memory Management Need

Principal

10+ years

Responsibility: Systems architecture at scale. Custom runtime. Compiler optimization. Industry standards.

Key skills:

AST & IR Manipulation Need
Bare Metal Programming Need
Benchmarking Tools & Methodology Need
C for Embedded Need
C++ for Embedded Need
Code Generation Need
Code Review Need
Compiler Optimization Passes Need
CPU Profiling Need
Docker Need
DSL Design & Implementation Need
I/O & Disk Profiling Need
Interpreter Design Need
JIT Compilation Need
Language Server Protocol (LSP) Need
Latency Optimization Need
Lexing & Parsing Need
Memory Profiling Need
Performance Budgets Need
Real-Time Systems Design Need
Resource Optimization FinOps Need
RTOS Fundamentals: FreeRTOS, Zephyr Need
Rust for Embedded Need
Throughput Optimization Need
Type Inference & Type Checking Need
Unit Testing Need
Algorithms & Complexity Need
Graph Algorithms Need
Async Programming Need
Generics & Parametric Polymorphism Need
Code Quality & Refactoring Need
Multithreading Need
System Design Fundamentals Need
Functional Programming Principles Need
Design Patterns Need
Memory Profiling Need
Data Structures Need
Type Safety & Type Systems Need
Memory Management Need

Gap analysis: skills to develop

To reach the next level you'll need to develop:

Code Review

Independently conducts driver and kernel module reviews. Focuses on race conditions, error handling correctness, proper kernel API usage, and memory barriers.

GitHub Actions / GitLab CI

Designs CI/CD pipelines from scratch. Configures caching for build acceleration. Uses matrix builds for multi-version testing. Sets up deployment pipelines (staging → production). Works with secrets and environment variables.

Algorithms & Complexity

Applies algorithms for system software: B-tree for FS, hash tables with open addressing, cache-oblivious algorithms. Evaluates hardware-specific complexity.

Async Programming

Applies async I/O: io_uring for Linux, completion-based I/O, coroutines (C++20/Rust async). Designs event loop architectures.

Code Quality & Refactoring

Applies quality tools: sanitizers (ASAN/MSAN/TSAN/UBSAN), static analysis (clang-tidy), fuzzing for edge cases.

Multithreading

Applies concurrent programming: reader-writer locks, thread pools, atomic operations, memory ordering (acquire/release/seq_cst).

System Design Fundamentals

Designs system components with proper abstractions: HAL, platform abstraction, API contracts. Applies layered architecture for kernel subsystems and drivers.

Network Fundamentals

Understands TCP/IP stack internals at the OS level — socket buffer tuning, congestion control algorithms, and kernel network parameter optimization. Configures TLS/SSL for custom protocol implementations. Works with low-level network primitives including raw sockets and packet crafting. Understands DNS resolution internals and TTL propagation. Debugs network issues using tcpdump, Wireshark, and eBPF network tracing.

Design Patterns

Applies system patterns: Flyweight for memory optimization, Reactor for I/O multiplexing, Chain of Responsibility for packet processing.

Data Structures

Applies system data structures: arena allocators, intrusive lists, radix trees, concurrent hash maps. Optimizes memory layout for cache.

Memory Management

Manages memory: custom allocators (pool, slab, arena), memory-mapped files, huge pages. Analyzes via Valgrind and perf.